(2)
(3)
(4)
Picture Number 1
The photographer placed the main subject in the top left of the picture, using the Rule of Thirds. Also, the logs that he is walking on lead straight to him, this means that the photographer used Leading Lines as well.
Picture Number 2
In this picture the Photographer didn't use any rules in particular. But he did darken the picture and make it black and white, adding a nice feel to it.
Picture Number 3
The photographer put two of the main subjects of the picture in the top right and bottom left of the picture, using the Rule of Thirds. He also showed a relation between the two subjects. Then to emphasise the relation, the photographer blurred out the background of the picture.
Picture Number 4
In this photo, the photographer used, yet again, Rule of Thirds to attract the eye of a person to the top right. He also used black and white to add a nice feeling to it.